The foreclosure process varies somewhat from state to state, and depends primarily on whether the state uses mortgages or deeds of trust for the purchase of real property. Generally, states that use mortgages conduct judicial foreclosures; states that use deeds of trust conduct non-judicial foreclosures. The principal difference between the two is that the judicial procedure requires court action on a foreclosed home.
The below table represents our current knowledge of which states use mortgages (judicial) or deeds of trust (non-judicial) or both. The table also includes estimated foreclosure timelines for each state. Please check with your local county government to verify this information. Inform us of any errors at info@realtytrac.com.
Compare all state foreclosure timelines on this simple one-page chart and click on any state name to read about detailed foreclosure procedures for that state.
State |
Judicial |
Non-Judicial |
Comment |
Process Period** |
Publish Sale** |
Redemption Period** |
Sale/NTS |
Alabama |
• |
• |
Judicial rarely |
49-74 |
21 |
365 |
Trustee |
Alaska |
• |
• |
Judicial rarely |
105 |
65 |
365* |
Trustee |
Arizona |
• |
• |
Judicial rarely |
90+ |
41 |
30-180* |
Trustee |
Arkansas |
• |
• |
Both |
70 |
30 |
365* |
Trustee |
California |
• |
• |
Judicial rarely |
117 |
21 |
365* |
Trustee |
Colorado |
• |
• |
Judicial rarely |
145 |
60 |
None |
Trustee |
Connecticut |
• |
|
Judicial only |
62 |
NA |
Court Decides |
Court |
Delaware |
• |
|
Judicial only |
170-210 |
60-90 |
None |
Sheriff |
Florida |
• |
|
Judicial only |
135 |
NA |
None |
Court |
Georgia |
• |
• |
Judicial rarely |
37 |
32 |
None |
Trustee |
Hawaii |
• |
• |
Both |
220 |
60 |
None |
Trustee |
Idaho |
• |
• |
Trustee Sale |
150 |
45 |
365 |
Trustee |
Illinois |
• |
|
Judicial only |
300 |
NA |
90 |
Court |
Indiana |
• |
|
Judicial only |
261 |
120 |
None |
Sheriff |
Iowa |
• |
• |
Trustee Sale Voluntary |
160 |
30 |
20 |
Sheriff |
Kansas |
• |
|
Judicial only |
130 |
21 |
365 |
Sheriff |
Kentucky |
• |
|
Judicial only |
147 |
NA |
365 |
Court |
Louisiana |
• |
|
Judicial only |
180 |
NA |
None |
Sheriff |
Maine |
• |
|
Judicial only |
240 |
30 |
90 |
Court |
Maryland |
• |
|
Judicial only |
46 |
30 |
Court Decides |
Court |
Massachusetts |
• |
|
Judicial only |
75 |
41 |
None |
Court |
Michigan |
|
• |
Non-Judicial only |
60 |
30 |
30-365 |
Sheriff |
Minnesota |
• |
• |
Non-Judicial mostly |
90-100 |
7 |
180 |
Sheriff |
Mississippi |
• |
• |
Non-Judicial mostly |
90 |
30 |
None |
Trustee |
Missouri |
• |
• |
Non-Judicial mostly |
60 |
10 |
365 |
Trustee |
Montana |
• |
• |
Trustee Sale mostly |
150 |
50 |
None |
Trustee |
Nebraska |
• |
|
Judicial only |
142 |
NA |
None |
Sheriff |
Nevada |
• |
• |
Trustee Sale mostly |
116 |
80 |
None |
Trustee |
New Hampshire |
|
• |
Non-Judicial only |
59 |
24 |
None |
Trustee |
New Jersey |
• |
|
Judicial only |
270 |
NA |
10 |
Sheriff |
New Mexico |
• |
|
Judicial only |
180 |
NA |
30-270 |
Court |
New York |
• |
|
Judicial only |
445 |
NA |
None |
Court |
North Carolina |
• |
• |
Non-Judicial mostly |
110 |
25 |
None |
Sheriff |
North Dakota |
• |
|
Judicial only |
150 |
NA |
180-365 |
Sheriff |
Ohio |
• |
|
Judicial only |
217 |
NA |
None |
Sheriff |
Oklahoma |
• |
• |
Judicial mostly |
186 |
NA |
None |
Sheriff |
Oregon |
• |
• |
Trustee Sale mostly |
150 |
30 |
180 |
Trustee |
Pennsylvania |
• |
|
Judicial only |
270 |
NA |
None |
Sheriff |
Rhode Island |
• |
• |
Non-judicial mostly |
62 |
21 |
None |
Trustee |
South Carolina |
• |
|
Judicial only |
150 |
NA |
None |
Court |
South Dakota |
• |
• |
Judicial mostly |
150 |
23 |
30-365 |
Sheriff |
Tennessee |
|
• |
Non-judicial only |
40-45 |
20-25 |
730 |
Trustee |
Texas |
• |
• |
Non-Judicial mostly |
27 |
NA |
None |
Trustee |
Utah |
|
• |
Non-Judicial Only |
142 |
NA |
Court Decides |
Trustee |
Vermont |
• |
|
Judicial only |
95 |
NA |
180-365 |
Court |
Virginia |
• |
• |
Trustee Sale mostly |
45 |
14-28 |
None |
Trustee |
Washington |
• |
• |
Trustee Sale mostly |
135 |
90 |
None |
Trustee |
Washington D.C. |
|
• |
Trustee Sale only |
47 |
18 |
None |
Trustee |
West Virginia |
|
• |
Trustee Sale only |
60-90 |
30-60 |
None |
Trustee |
Wisconsin |
• |
• |
Judicial mostly |
290 |
NA |
365 |
Sheriff |
Wyoming |
• |
• |
Non-judicial mostly |
60 |
25 |
90-365 |
Sheriff |
* Judicial Foreclosures Only
** In days